A Sermon for Deuteronomy 5 and Mark 2
Observe the Sabbath day by keeping it holy. God knows life is full of hard work. It’s good for us, it’s edifying, it’s healthy. Regular freedom from work for everyone is a very foreign concept in our culture, where so many have to labor continuously just to make ends meet. Work is a blessing that can turn into a curse when there is no opportunity given for deep rest. However, God knows that we need renewal and safety and space to catch our breath. Throughout the Psalms, the best work of the Holy Spirit is that the Spirit places God’s people in broad places for the renewal of their spirits. This commandment, given thousands of years ago, is so important to God’s people today. Though the second commandment given is about not worshipping false idols, the idols abound all around us. Busyness. Perfection. Enoughness. Striving. Endlessly comparing ourselves and what we have to our neighbors and what they have or what they deserve or what we deserve. The resentment of feeling passed over or ignored. For my family, the martyr complex runs strong through our bloodline. Wanting everyone to see how hard you work and how good you are and never having quite enough recognition. God’s Spirit says to our idols and our endless scrambling: Enough. Observe the Sabbath day by keeping it holy. Sanctify one day a week where you place God at the center and you rest in his perfect love. Observe.
There is a lot of observing going on in the Gospel text for today. For some reason, some intense lovers of the law – the Pharisees – are in a random grainfield, observing Jesus and his every move. I have a lot of empathy for the Pharisees. Their people kept getting put into exile or attacked by enemy nations and the prophets are always begging the people to follow God’s laws and take justice and peace-making seriously. The Israelites of every age, human beings of every nation and age, really have a hard time observing God’s good commandments and laws. The Pharisees are lurking in this grainfield, knowing that these disciples of this Jesus are going to mess up at some point.
There are 39 activities that the ancient scholars categorized as work in Israel. Guess what the top 11 are?
| 1) Plowing2) Planting3) Harvesting4) Gathering5) Threshing6) Sifting | 7) Selecting8) Winnowing9) Grinding10) Kneading *11) Baking * |
So, the disciples harvested and gathered some grain. They picked the heads off of the grain, so that would count as threshing. They probably crush the grain in their hands, so that’s grinding. They might as well open up a bakery. Don’t they know anything about the Sabbath and keeping it holy?
Number 36 on the naughty list is kindling a fire. It takes a wild amount of preparation to keep the Sabbath day kosher and safe. Modern Jewish people have to think ahead. Make all the food, get the hotplate heated up to keep all the meals warm, make sure the lights are on that you’re going to need ahead of time, make sure your furnace is running smoothly because you can’t switch it on and off. Thank God for crockpots! There is to be no creative work done or physical work done. It takes forethought and a lot of care.
The disciples were hungry. I often wonder why they didn’t plan ahead if they knew the Sabbath always arrives on the seventh day. It could be that Peter’s mother-in-law was annoyed that he left her daughter behind in Capernaum. It could be that Mary and Martha were busy. We don’t meet Mary Magdalene in Mark’s Gospel until the crucifixion scene, so who knows where she is. In Luke’s Gospel, we meet Mary Magdalene in chapter 8, but all that is mentioned is that Jesus frees her from 7 demons and she stays close to him out of deep gratitude. Jesus says to the Pharisees, waiting for him to misstep, “The Sabbath was made for humankind and not humankind for the Sabbath. I’m the Lord of the Sabbath.”
If someone is hungry and does not have a stable environment with which to prepare the Sabbath, harvest the grain. Knead the dough. Light the fire. The Sabbath day was given to God’s people for their healing and liberation. In the book of Deuteronomy, the reason to remember the Sabbath is not the same as the one given in the book of Exodus. The Decalgoue or the Ten Words in Exodus exhorts God’s people to remember the Sabbath because God himself rested on the seventh day and they were to marvel at God’s good creation – the land, the people, the creatures, the cosmos. Deuteronomy says, “you shall not do any work—you, or your son or your daughter, or your male or female slave, or your ox or your donkey, or any of your livestock, or the resident alien in your towns, (sometimes it’s translated in Jewish study Bibles as your strangers in your towns) so that your male and female slave may rest as well as you. 15 Remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt, and the Lord your God brought you out from there with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm;
Use the Sabbath day to remember that your God is merciful. That your God frees real people from their real bondage. That God uses the Sabbath day to smash up our idols and return us to himself. Remember that God looks upon suffering and acts. If we serve a God that responds to human suffering with such compassion and righteousness, how should we spend our Sabbath days?
The Pharisees observe Jesus and his wrong steps instead of observing that the disciples are hungry and in need.
Mark’s Gospel jumps ahead to a future Sabbath day and the disciples and Jesus are back in Capernaum. Jesus entered the synagogue for a day of learning and Sabbath fellowship, which is totally lawful. The Pharisees – or some other group annoyed with Jesus, there were likely many – were lurking again and the text says they were watching or observing to see if Jesus was going to cure a man with a withered hand on the Sabbath. Now, what would be a natural thing for the Lord with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm to do? He asks the man to stretch out his arm and hand for healing and renewal. That’s what the Sabbath day is for! Jesus, the Lord of the Sabbath, asks, ““Is it lawful to do good or to do harm on the Sabbath, to save life or to kill?” The crowd was silent. Then the text says Jesus looks around, perablepomai – Jesus uses an intense, sweeping, observing, watchful gaze. No one speaks up. God is grieved and angry about the crowd’s silence. Here is a suffering brother and they were all content to keep the status quo rolling. The Pharisees leave immediately, ready to write up a report if they would be allowed to write a report on the Sabbath, which was not lawful. So they muttered to themselves to keep their thoughts in their brains about how they were going to bring Jesus down once and for all.
I was so struck by all of the observing going on in the Gospel text. How do we spend our sacred Sabbath day? Do we show up, ready and open to learning, to service, to fellowship, to build up this fragile body of Christ at Transfiguration? Are we ready to observe the suffering and the hurts of others and pray that God will activate our many gifts so that we can respond with kindness and patience and grace?
Are we watching and waiting for our neighbor to mess up so we can fill ourselves up with self-righteousness and pat ourselves on the back for having it together?
Or, do we take seriously God’s command to keep the Sabbath holy by becoming the keeper of our brothers and sisters in this holy place?
Are you so busy looking over at your neighbor’s bowl to see if they have more than you? Are you missing out on God’s miraculous provision for your life?
Will we sit in silence, unmoved by our family members here? Are we willing to grieve God’s heart? Will we allow our neighbors to hold tightly to their hurts like the man with the withered hand or will we help them bear their burdens?
Are we looking over shoulders or are we looking out for one another?
How will you embrace and share the healing, the rest, the renewal, the joy that you have found in Jesus?
The Sabbath looks back to the origins of freedom. It looks forward to the ultimate Sabbath, eternal life in the very presence of God. Let us be people that create sanctuary. Let us be people that create breathing space. Let us be people that care about health and strength and joy for one another. God gave the ten Commandments to liberated people so that they could stay free. Let’s be freed people, delighting in the provision and graciousness of God, desiring that freedom and enoughness and claimed-ness and chosen-ness is spread out like a picnic blanket before all the nations.
Thanks be to God for the wonders that have found us and for the wonders yet to come. Amen.